What is gingivitis and how is it treated?
Gingivitis, also known as infection of the gums, is a common problem in dental health. It is a bacterial infection, usually caused by the accumulation of dental plaque. If left untreated, it can lead to serious gum disease and tooth loss. In this article, we will discuss in detail the symptoms, causes and how to treat gingivitis.
What are the Symptoms of Gingivitis?
Early signs of gingivitis can often be mild and may go unnoticed by patients. However, the following symptoms may indicate the presence of gingivitis:
Red or Swollen Gums: Healthy gums should look pale pink and smooth. In gingivitis, the gums may become red, swollen and more sensitive.
Bleeding when brushing or flossing: People with gingivitis often experience bleeding when brushing or flossing.
Bad Breath: Infected gums can cause foul-smelling breath.
Gum Recession: As gingivitis progresses, the gums may recede from the teeth, exposing the tooth roots.
What Causes Gingivitis?
The main cause of gingivitis is the accumulation of bacteria and food debris, called dental plaque, on the teeth and gums. Dental plaque can harden over time and turn into tartar. Tartar is a hard build-up that cannot be removed with a toothbrush and floss and can irritate the gums and lead to infection.
Other risk factors include:
Poor Oral Hygiene: Inadequate brushing and flossing.
Smoking: Smoking can negatively affect gum health and increase the risk of gingivitis.
Hormonal Changes: Hormonal changes such as pregnancy or menopause can increase gum sensitivity.
Stress: Chronic stress can lead to a weakened immune system and an increased risk of gingivitis.
How is gingivitis treated?
Treatment of gingivitis is usually a home-based process that requires visits to a professional dentist. Here are the steps to treat gingivitis:
Good Oral Hygiene Practices: Regular oral hygiene practices such as brushing, flossing and tongue cleaning are important in controlling gingivitis.
Professional Dental Cleaning: A dentist or dental hygienist can perform a professional cleaning to remove tartar and dental plaque. This can help improve gum health.
Antibacterial Mouthwashes or Lotions: Your dentist may recommend antibacterial mouthwashes or lotions to promote oral hygiene.
Gum Surgery When Necessary: In advanced cases or severe gum disease, your dentist may consider surgical treatment options.
A Healthy Diet and Not Smoking: Maintaining a balanced diet and not smoking can support gum health and speed up the healing process.
Conclusion
Gingivitis can lead to serious gum problems if not diagnosed and treated early. Practicing good oral hygiene, going for regular dental check-ups and adopting healthy lifestyle habits are important for maintaining gum health. If you notice symptoms such as redness, swelling or bleeding in your gums, you should consult a dentist immediately.
